CHAPTER 1
IO PORTS AND INTERRUPTS
1.1 8051 Parallel I/O Ports
1.2 Interrupt handling & programming :
1.2.1 Concept of synchronous & asynchronous interrupts,
1.2.2 ISR
1.2.3 Programming external hardware interrupt & Timer interrupt.
Introduction
- We are living in the Embedded World. We are surrounded with many embedded products and our daily life largely depends on the proper functioning of these gadgets.
- Television, Radio, CD player of your living room, Washing Machine or Microwave Oven in the kitchen, Card readers, Access Controllers, Palm devices of our work space enable us to do many of our tasks very effectively.
- Apart from all these, many controllers embedded in the automobiles take care of many important operations.
What is this Embedded System?
- The computer you use to compose your mails, or create a document or analyze the database is known as the standard desktop computer. These desktop computers are manufactured to serve many purposes and applications. You need to install the relevant software to get the required processing facility.
- In contrast, embedded controllers carryout a specific work for which they are designed. Most of the time, engineers design these embedded controllers with a specific goal in mind. So these controllers cannot be used in any other place.
- Theoretically, an embedded controller is a combination of a piece of microprocessor based hardware and the suitable software to undertake a specific task.
- These days designers have many choices in microprocessors/microcontrollers. Especially, in 8 bit and 32 bit, the available variety really may overwhelm even an experienced designer. Selecting a right microprocessor may turn out as a most difficult first step and it is getting complicated as new devices continue to pop-up very often.
- In the 8 bit segment, the most popular and used architecture is Intel's 8051. Market acceptance of this particular family has driven many semiconductor manufacturers to develop something new based on this particular architecture. Even after 25 years of existence, semiconductor manufacturers still come out with some kind of device using this 8051 core.